To be used for a person who has
CEASED BREATHING due to drawing, choking, electric shock or other
causes.
Wipe out any fluid vomitus, mucus
or other object from mouth with fingers. Be certain to reach into
the throat with fingers in case there is an object blocking the
throat. Remove clothing to expose chest.
Place person on his back, place
hand or soft object under neck, keep head tilted back as far as
possible.
Grasp the angles of the jaw below
the ears and lift the jaw so that it juts forward. This will keep
the tongue away from the back of the throat so that air can get
in.
Pinch nose with your fingers and
blow breath into mouth with smooth, steady action until the chest
is felt or seen to rise.
Remove your mouth. Allow lungs
to empty. This action should be repeated at the normal breathing
rate, i.e. 12-15 times a minutes.
This is to make the chest moves
it would normally.
Have someone contact physician.
BURNS
Burns are caused by dry heat such
as fire, electricity, strong acids and alkalies.
Burns Covering Small Area
Allow tap water to run gently
over the area or immerse in cold water.
It may be necessary to cover with
gauze or a clean handkerchief and bandage.
Note: Do not use ointments, greases,
pastes or powder on burned area. Do not prick the blister caused
by burns
Burns Covering Extensive Area
Allow person to lie down.
Cover burned areas with sterile
dressing or clean cloth and lightly bandage.
If clothing is adhering, do not
disturb, leave the clothing alone.
Keep person warm. If person is
not nauseated, he may have sips of water.
Arrange for immediate medical
care.
Note: Do not use ointment, greases,
pastes or powder on burned area. Do not prick the blister caused
by burns.
TETANUS IMMUNISATION
Protection against tetanus should
be considered whenever the skin is broken by injuries.
Run water over area for 20 minutes
to neutralise or dilute chemicals.
Cover with gauze or a clean
handkerchief and bandage.
CHOKING
If a person chokes on food or
other objects and stops breathing, proceed as under "Artificial
Respiration".
Be certain to reach into the throat
with a finger or fingers to remove any object blocking the throat.
Remove any clothing to expose
chest.
Follow with instructions ii, iii,
iv, v, vi and vii of Artificial Respiration.
Note: If he can breathe readily even
though coughing, # iv above is not necessary.
ELECTRIC SHOCK
If possible switch off current.
If not, remove casualty from contact
with electric source using non-conductive articles like a dry
broom handle or dry rope.
Do not touch patient directly
nor with object that will conduct electricity.
Give Rescue Breathing Technique
if breathing has stopped. Refer "Artificial Respiration"
Instructions ii, iii, iv, v and vi.
Arrange for emergency medical
care.
HEART ARREST
Heart-Lung Resuscitation
Summon a medical officer as soon
as possible in every case.
Feel pulse. Listen for heartbeat
with ear against chest.
If no heartbeat is heard, start
Heart-Lung Resuscitation as follows:-
Place person on his back on a
firm surface. Extend his head backwards so his chin points straight
upwards.
Place the heel of one hand in
the centre of the chest over the lower one-half of the breastbone
and place the heel of the other hand on top of it. The fingers
must be lifted so they do not touch the ribs. Pressure on ribs
may break them.
Rock forward and use the weight
of your body to press the breastbone vertically downwards 1.5
to 2 inches. This compresses the heart between breastbone and
backbone and propels blood out of the heart into the lungs and
body.
Release the pressure for just
as long as you pressed. The chest will expand and the heart will
fill with blood.
Repeat this pressure once every
second.
A second person should give Rescue
Breathing, blowing a breath in once between each 5 to 8 compressions
of the heart, with the least possible pause in heart compressions.
If only one rescuer is present
he should inflate the lungs with two or three quick breaths after
every 10 to 15 heart compressions.